Breast Cancer Assignment Discussion Paper
- Compare the signs of fibrocystic disease and breast cancer.
Fibrocystic disease is a condition in which the breast tissue has masses or nodules, which change to respond to fluctuating hormone levels, specifically estrogen, during the menstrual cycle. Breast connective tissue is progressively replaced by dense fibrous tissue. One category comprises proliferative lesions, where typical cells do not occur. They are not precancers. For this category, the likelihood of getting breast cancer rises because there is already a breast cancer family history Breast Cancer Assignment Discussion Paper.
The third group, a small one, needs monitoring, predominantly if there is breast cancer family history. These bruises show generation changes with a distinctive cell. Breast examination can disclose classic cells and can distinguish malignant from benign cells. Breast cancer common early sign is a single small, painless, hard nodule. During the early stage, the mass becomes openly elastic but later is fixed (VanMeter, Hubert and Gould, 2014). Some symptoms as the tumor gets more developed include skin wrinkling, nipple disavowal or discharge, and a difference in the breast's curves. The biopsy supports the malignant finding.
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- Explain why chemotherapy and radiation may be recommended after surgery for breast cancer even when no lymph nodes appear to be involved.
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy effectively eradicate some undetected micro metastases in this high-risk disease, even with a quite small concentrated size, and are often used as palliative steps. Current experiments require radioactive seed implants in underlying tissue following surgery in order to include concentrated exposure with no need for routine care Breast Cancer Assignment Discussion Paper.
- Explain the recommended treatment for estrogen dependent breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
The ovaries are cut out of a premenopausal female. The risk of developing cancer in postmenopausal females is decreased by a series of hormone-blocking drugs such as raloxifene (Evista), tamoxifen (Nolvadex), and toremifene (Fareston) or related agents attacking estrogen receptors in the tumor (VanMeter, Hubert and Gould, 2014). The Faslodex medication fulvestrant inhibits estrogen contact on the cells and communicates to the cell to disable the receptors. There is some doubt that selective modulators of estrogen receptors suppress estrogen receptors in the breast's cells, but may enable uterine cells to contribute to the proliferation of endometrial. There is also a range of medications that prohibit the body from developing estrogen during menopause, including anastrozole (Arimidex), letrozole (Femara), and exemestane (Aromasin).) Breast Cancer Assignment Discussion Paper.
- Explain what is meant by "targeted therapy" for breast cancer.
Targeted therapy for breast cancer utilizes medications that explicitly inhibit the development of cancer cells (Masoud and Pages, 2017). Targeted therapy, for example, may obstruct the activity of an irregular protein that boosts the intensification of cancerous cells. For instance, Trastuzumabor lapatinib could be administered.
- Discuss the importance of breast cancer screening and early diagnosis.
Breast cancer is the second widely prevalent cancer in people, affecting one of every eight women in the United States. The aim of screening tests for early diagnosis of breast cancer is to diagnose breast anomalies as quickly as possible (VanMeter, Hubert and Gould, 2014). When breast cancer is detected early, there would be more medical options and higher survival odds. Females whose breast cancer is diagnosed early during the first four years have a mortality rate of 94per cent or greater. Breast cancers, which are known to trigger signs, appear to be greater and more advanced. Breast tumors detected through diagnostic tests, on the other hand, are more likely to be minor and only limited to breast. Some of the most significant considerations in determining a woman's diagnosis or future for the condition are the severity of breast cancer and how widely it has advanced Breast Cancer Assignment Discussion Paper
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Reference
Masoud, V., &Pagès, G. (2017). Targeted therapies in breast cancer: New challenges to fight against resistance. World journal of clinical oncology, 8(2), 120–134. https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v8.i2.120
VanMeter, K., Hubert, R. J., & Gould, B. E. (2014). Gould's pathophysiology for the health professions.
a. Compare the signs of fibrocystic disease and breast cancer. b. Explain why chemotherapy and radiation may be recommended following surgery for breast cancer even when no lymph nodes appear to be involved. c. Explain the recommended treatment for estrogen-dependent breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. d. Explain what is meant by “targeted therapy” for breast cancer. e. Discuss the importance of breast cancer screening and early diagnosis Breast Cancer Assignment Discussion Paper