The importance of Schwann cells and their impact on damaged axons.
Consider the impact of spinal cord injury and the potential scope of lifetime disability and sequelae associated with spinal cord injury. The greatest challenge facing the neuroscience community involves developing therapy that will allow damaged nerve tissue to be regrown and regenerated. Reflect on this article and discuss the importance of Schwann cells and their impact on damaged axons.The importance of Schwann cells and their impact on damaged axons.
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The importance of Schwann cells and their impact on damaged axons
Schwann cells are the major neuroglia of the constituent of the peripheral nerve. They play the important role of regulating the growth of peripheral nerves, myelination and assist in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis in undamaged nerve. In addition, Schwann cells play a part in the repair process following nerve injuring. According to Kanno et al (2015), Schwann cells play crucial functions in the usual role of peripheral nerves and makes sure that impulses are efficiently propagated from the cell body of the neuron to the parallel innervated tissues. After nerve damage, nevertheless, synchronized phenotypic modifications happen within the distal Schwann cells due to loss of contact with viable nerve fibers, arousing functional modifications vital for neuroregeneration.The importance of Schwann cells and their impact on damaged axons.
The balance amid negative and positive transcriptional regulators is the determinant of the Schwann cells myelination status. In the early stages of myelination, there is upregulation of positive regulations, for instance, transcription factor Krox-20 and suppression of negative regulators. Injury of peripheral nerves makes the balance to shift to negative regulators, with the Schwann cells representing the distinctive repair phenotype. Sango and Yamauchi (2014) argue that loss of contact between Schwann cells and axons in damaged nerves make Schwann cells there is a loss of their differentiation morphology, whereby there is rapid upregulation of c-Jun and downregulation of several genes associated with myelination.
According to Sango and Yamauchi (2014), Schwann cells that are in close contacts with nerve fibers are the initial amongst non-neuronal cells to ac to axon damage through rapid production of chemokines and cytokines along with recruiting of blood-borne macrophages. Apart from attracting macrophages to the site that have been injured, the Schwann cells also phagocyte products from myelin breakdown and injured axons. These incidents are crucial for the preparation of an atmosphere that enhances neuroregeneration after an injury. Schwann cells displaying the revamp phenotype has a great effect on damaged neurons. Most crucial is the role of Schwann cells in maintaining the population of neurons by ensuring effectual recovery of injured nerves.The importance of Schwann cells and their impact on damaged axons.