NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.
Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes
Photo Credit: Getty Images
At its core, pathology is the study of disease. Diseases occur for many reasons. But some, such as cystic fibrosis and Parkinson’s Disease, occur because of alterations that prevent cells from functioning normally.NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.
Understanding of signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For the Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN), this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.
For this Discussion, you examine a case study and explain the disease that is suggested. You examine the symptoms reported and explain the cells that are involved and potential alterations and impacts.NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.
To prepare:
By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific scenario for this Discussion. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.
By Day 3 of Week 1
Post an explanation of the disease highlighted in the scenario you were provided. Include the following in your explanation:NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.
The role genetics plays in the disease.
Why the patient is presenting with the specific symptoms described.
The physiologic response to the stimulus presented in the scenario and why you think this response occurred.
The cells that are involved in this process.
How another characteristic (e.g., gender, genetics) would change your response.
NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes
Name
Institution
Cellular responses alterations are associated with multiple changes taking place within the cell in response to the stressors in the environment. Normal cell responses occur when signals sent by the signaling molecules to the target cell are received and hence the response is the end of the line. However, alterations of cellular responses causes abnormal changes in the normal response processes and is often caused by diseases and are manifested as signs and symptoms. Therefore, this paper examines reported symptoms in the provided case study and explains the cells involved as well as the potential alterations and effects.NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.
Role of genetics
Sore throat infection is caused by a Streptococcus group A bacteria. Recurrent sore throat in children is associated with genetics. In this case, the disease could be genetic following its recurring nature. Specific gene variations in the HLA region observed via genetic testing could be the result of genetic roles that determine the interaction of pathogens with the immune system (Chauhan et al., 2016). These variations increase the susceptibility of the patient to recurrent sore throat. The genetic and immunological connections are associated with inadequate antibody responses against the SpeA bacteria which makes it difficult to recognize the factor.NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.
Why the patient presents with the specific symptoms
The symptoms presented by the patient are due to alterations of normal cellular responses. The invasion of bacteria causes reddening of the throat and secretion of pus. The colonization of the pharynx by the Streptococcus pyogenes by fibronectin-binding proteins causes clinical manifestations of sore throat. The symptoms occurring after the administration of antibiotics demonstrate a severe allergic reaction to antibiotics. Such incidences cause shortness of breath associated with wheezing, fast heart rates, shock, swelling of face and lips, dizziness and severe vomiting and nausea among others. As such, it is evident that the patient experienced a serious adverse reaction after immediate ingestion of the first capsule of amoxicillin 500 mg in form of swelling of his tongue and lips together with difficulty breathing with audible wheezing.NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.
The Physiologic response to the stimulus presented in the case study includes the reddening of the posterior pharynx with white exudate on tonsils that are enlarged to 3+. These responses are caused by both the innate and adaptive responses of the patient which seek to defend the body against the bacteria. The cells involved in the host responses include the macrophages, neutrophils, epithelia cells and dendritic cells. According to Soderholm et al., (2018), the cellular mediators secrete soluble inflammatory mediators such as proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, PGE2 and leukotriene B4 (LTB4 ) and other eicosanoids and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.
How age factor would change the response
The risk of contracting a sore throat can be increased by the age factor. The infection is more prevalent among children between the ages of 5 to 15 years after which the risk reduces. Regardless of the age, adults present a 5 to 10 percent change of sore throat infection considerably because of their strong immune system (Campbell et al., 2018). The response towards the disease is also limited by age. It is safer to test medications on adult patients than in children because adverse consequences in children may easily result in death unlike in adolescents and adults. If the patient in the case study was a young child, he would have taken time to understand the instant allergic reactions which could have caused a safety concern.NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.
Hello Class,
Welcome to week one! We will focus on cellular processes and alterations. We will examine also the impact of genetics on disease. Basic concepts of physiology and factors that influence diseases will be examined. Understanding the pathology of any illness is necessary for the excellent provision of care. Several activities in this module will help us understand and appreciate the various components of pathophysiology. Be sure to complete all assigned readings. I highly recommend that you review the module overview presented by Dr. Tara Harris. I am looking forward to our interactions this week. Here is the scenario for our week one discussion:
A 16-year-old boy comes to clinic with chief complaint of sore throat for 3 days. Denies fever or chills. PMH negative for recurrent colds, influenza, ear infections or pneumonias. NKDA or food allergies. Physical exam reveals temp of 99.6 F, pulse 78 and regular with respirations of 18. HEENT normal with exception of reddened posterior pharynx with white exudate on tonsils that are enlarged to 3+. Positive anterior and posterior cervical adenopathy. Rapid strep test performed in office was positive. His HCP wrote a prescription for amoxicillin 500 mg po q 12 hours x 10 days disp #20. He took the first capsule when he got home and immediately complained of swelling of his tongue and lips, difficulty breathing with audible wheezing. 911 was called and he was taken to the hospital, where he received emergency treatment for his allergic reaction.NURS-6501 Module 1, week1 discussion. Topic: Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes.