Pediatric Bipolar Disorder.

Pediatric Bipolar Disorder.

 

Pediatric bipolar disorder is a mental illness marked by recurring incidents of alternating moods, varying from hypomanic and manic mood to depressive mood in children. Pediatric bipolar is connected with several negative outcomes, such as problems in interpersonal relationships, academic achievement and suicide ideation. Even though it can be difficult to differentiate pediatric bipolar disorder from other childhood disorders with identical symptoms, there is mounting consensus concerning the resemblance of pediatric bipolar disorder with adult bipolar disorder (Rizvi et al, 2014) Pediatric Bipolar Disorder.

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The diagnostic commendations  provided by the international society for bipolar disorders,  the international classification of diseases, and diagnostic and statistical manual  endorse utilization of  similar descriptions of mood states as well as principal symptoms  for diagnosis of mood disorders in adults and also in children. Rizvi et al (2014) argue that hypersexuality, lessenedrequirement for sleep and psychotic symptoms are more specific to pediatric bipolar disorder. Additionally, elated mood along with intensified episodic manifestations of other signs like inconsistencies in energy or concentration are indicators of bipolar disorder in children.

According to Rizvi et al (2014), considerable advancements has been made in development of an evidence-based evaluation approach for pediatric bipolar disorder that utilizes information on risk factors, semi-structured interviews, validated checklists and base rates so as to make improvements to the precision diagnosis whilst eradicating likelihood of overdiagnosis  of pediatric bipolar disorder. Concentrating on energy and activity can enable caregivers and parents to differentiate between nonclinical behaviors and symptoms that are clinically significant since recollection of thoughts might be less prompted by cultural factors mood, social desirability or congruent impacts (Rizvi et al, 2014)Pediatric Bipolar Disorder.

Renk et al 92014) claim that since children have problem expressing themselves and defining their conduct, clinicians must depend on reports offered by parents and other informants and also follow evidence-based evaluation commendations. Assessment tools such as child behavior checklist s might be useful in recognizing symptoms of pediatric bipolar disorderthrough the utilization a constellation of the subscales,including attention problems anxious-depressed and aggressive behavior sub-scales (Renk et al, 2014).

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Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a chronic and often debilitating illness that impairs a child’s emotional, cognitive, and social development; this disorder is characterized by episodes of mood disturbances (e.g., fluctuations of irritability/ rage and depression) that are accompanied by decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, inflated self-esteem, hypersexuality, racing thoughts, poor judgement, and impulsivity (West and Pavuluri, 2016). The history of the development of considering BPD as a diagnosis is interesting. According to Lee (2016), in the 1990s, some researchers hypothesized that bipolar disorder may present differently in youth compared to adults; they suggested that irritability could be a youth equivalent of euphoria, and instead of distinct episodes of mood symptoms, youth may present with severe and nonepisodic irritability or ultra-rapid cycling. This is what led researchers to believe in the possibility of PBD.

Many in the mental health field will argue that children have such varying alterations in “normal” mood, affect, and behavior and that it is not fair to diagnose them as having PBD. However, especially in strong cases of family history of bipolar or other mood disturbances, children exhibiting signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder should be treated appropriately with psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches – especially when impairment of daily life is evident Pediatric Bipolar Disorder.

Because of the debate surrounding PBD and its validity, a mental health clinician has the opportunity to use some diagnostic tools in verifying symptoms of PBD versus what is considered normal childhood behavior. Parents may also be beneficial in completing such assessment forms as they are often the ones presenting the child due to concerning symptoms. Examples of parental rating scales to aid in the diagnosis of PBD include the Parent General Behavior Inventory and the Child Bipolar Questionnaire; in addition, the Parent General Behavior Inventory-Mania and the Parent Young Mania Rating Scale aid in the diagnosis of PBD, distinguishing the primary symptom of mania from other comorbidities (Weeks and Spratling, 2016).

While one can easily see how PBD may be over-diagnosed in children who may truly have a simple exaggeration of moods or behaviors, it is also a valid and legit diagnosis as well. There is very strong evidence to support genetic links in all bipolar disorders, and it is very hard to fight genetics Pediatric Bipolar Disorder.